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Interface engineered Mn-incorporated CsCuCl₃ halide perovskite for efficient sustainable energy generation via atmospheric moisture

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Stevin PramanaORCiD

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

Abstract

Halide perovskite-based moisture electricity generators (MEGs) are based primarily on single-phase materials, with heterointerface engineering remaining largely unexplored. Herein, an efficient MEG system based on Cs₂CuCl₄/Cs₂MnCl₄(H₂O)₂ heterostructure is developed to highlight the impact of interfaces in enhancing the electrical output. Moisture-sensitive interfaces in the heterostructures activate the vacancy-assisted ion migration in the halide perovskite system upon moisture exposure, resulting in the formation of electric double layers (EDLs) at grain boundaries, which generates a potential difference and delivers continuous power generation. Remarkably, a single lateral device with an active area of 0.3 cm² can deliver an open-circuit voltage of 0.81 V and a short-circuit current density of 0.27 mA/cm² at 85% relative humidity (RH), significantly higher than the other reported halide perovskite systems. The MEGs maintain a continuous output voltage of nearly 0.78 V for 48 hours and can power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) via three capacitors charged in series from a single MEG. Additionally, the MEGs demonstrate an ultra-fast response between 33% and 85% RH, with response times and recovery times of 1.31/0.67s, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of heterointerface engineering by broadening its applicability beyond energy harvesting to self-powered health-monitoring, thereby showcasing its multifunctionality.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Sudarsan D, Pramana SS, Batabyal SK

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Sustainable Energy & Fuels

Year: 2026

Pages: Epub ahead of print

Online publication date: 02/09/2026

Acceptance date: 01/09/2026

Date deposited: 04/09/2026

ISSN (electronic): 2398-4902

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

URL: https://doi.org/10.1039/D6SE00540C

DOI: 10.1039/D6SE00540C

ePrints DOI: 10.57711/de64-d389

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