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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Steph CampbellORCiD, Dr David RosarioORCiD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
© The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. We present a detailed study of the inner regions of NGC 7582, a nearby Seyfert 2 galaxy, from the Galaxy Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey (GATOS). The galaxy hosts a circumnuclear star-forming disc and an active galactic nucleus (AGN)-driven biconical ionized outflow. Using James Webb Space Telescope Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) and Mid-Infrared Instrument/Medium-Resolution Spectrometer (MIRI/MRS) integral-field spectroscopy, we analyse ionic emission lines spanning a wide range of ionization potentials (IPs, (Formula presented) –126 eV). Gaussian line-profile fitting reveals kinematic stratification: low-IP species ((Formula presented) eV; e.g. [Fe ii], [Ar ii], and [Ne ii]) trace ordered disc rotation with PA (Formula presented), while high-IP species ((Formula presented) eV; e.g. [O iv], [Mg iv], and [Ne v]) follow the outflow with PA (Formula presented). Outflowing gas exhibits systematically higher velocity dispersions ((Formula presented) km s−1) than the disc ((Formula presented) km s−1), consistent with turbulent or bulk motions. Intermediate-IP lines, [S iii], [Ar iii], and [Ne iii], show contributions from both components, with the outflow characterized by higher dispersion, lower amplitude, and higher velocities in double-Gaussian fits. For these lines, a thin inclined disc plus 1D outflow model enables robust separation and quantification of the disc and outflow velocity fields. The outflow is consistent with a hollow bicone capable of accelerating gas beyond the local escape velocity, implying most material is unlikely to be re-accreted. The ionization cone opening angle shows no dependence on IP, indicating the AGN torus polar regions are largely unobscured. Our study provides new insights into AGN-driven outflows and circumnuclear disc dynamics, offering a framework to disentangle overlapping interstellar medium kinematics in nearby active galaxies.
Author(s): Veenema O, Thatte N, Rigopoulou D, Garcia-Bernete I, Alonso-Herrero A, Pereira-Santaella M, Audibert A, Bellocchi E, Bunker AJ, Campbell S, Combes F, Davies RI, Donnan FR, Garcia-Burillo S, Gonzalez Martin O, Hermosa Munoz L, Hicks EKS, Hoenig SF, Labiano A, Levenson NA, Packham C, Ramos Almeida C, Ricci C, Riffel RA, Rosario D, Shimizu T, Zhang L
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Year: 2026
Volume: 548
Issue: 4
Print publication date: 01/06/2026
Online publication date: 24/04/2026
Acceptance date: 21/04/2026
Date deposited: 18/05/2026
ISSN (print): 0035-8711
ISSN (electronic): 1365-2966
Publisher: Oxford University Press
URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag785
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stag785
Data Access Statement: The data cubes used here are publicly available from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST), with doi: https://doi.org/10.17909/9sc5-q436.
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