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Metabolic biomarkers of appetite control in Parkinson's disease patients with and without cognitive impairment

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Mario Siervo, Dr Fionnuala Johnston, Professor David BurnORCiD

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

Abstract

© 2024 The Author(s)Background: Appetite dysregulation in Parkinson's Disease (PD) appears to be linked to physical and cognitive deterioration. PD patients with and without cognitive impairment (CI) were compared to an age-matched control group to explore predictors of appetite control in fasting and post-prandial conditions. Methods: Fifty-five patients were recruited and divided into three groups: twenty controls (age: 74 y, BMI: 25.8 kg/m2), nineteen PD patients without CI (72.5 y, 25.1 kg/m2) and sixteen PD patients with CI (74.3 y, 24.0 kg/m2). Self-reported appetite perception and circulating blood metabolic biomarkers were measured in fasting and over a 3-h post-prandial period. Biomarkers included glucose, insulin, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), leptin, acyl-ghrelin, total ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY), glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1), insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), growth factor (GF) and triglycerides. Patients were then provided with a mixed meal to eat ad libitum with the aim to evaluate links between metabolic biomarkers and control of energy intake. Results: PD patients with CI had a significant lower protein intake (7.4 ± 2.5 g, p = 0.01) compared to controls (21.9 ± 3.1 g) and PD patients without CI (14.3 ± 3.0 g). Post-prandial plasma GLP-1 concentrations were associated with decreased hunger perception (B±SE, −5.3 ± 2.4 mm·h−1, p = 0.04). PYY concentrations were significantly associated with GLP-1 in fasting (r = 0.40, p = 0.005) and post-prandial (r = 0.46, p < 0.001) conditions. In a multivariate model, post-prandial PYY concentrations were a significant predictor of ad libitum energy intake in all subjects (B±SE, −87.5 ± 34.9 kcal, p = 0.01) and in patients with PD (B±SE, −106.8 ± 44.9 kcal, p = 0.04). Conclusions: PYY and GLP-1 appeared to influence appetite control in PD patients and their roles merit further investigation.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Siervo M, Johnston F, Calton E, James A, Stephan BCM, Hornsby AKE, Davies JS, Burn D

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

Year: 2024

Volume: 64

Pages: 425-434

Print publication date: 01/12/2024

Online publication date: 02/11/2024

Acceptance date: 25/10/2024

Date deposited: 19/11/2024

ISSN (electronic): 2405-4577

Publisher: Elsevier Ltd

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.167

DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.167

PubMed id: 39491667

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