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National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance on monitoring and management of Barrett’s oesophagus and stage I oesophageal adenocarcinoma

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Alexander PhillipsORCiD

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

Abstract

© 2024 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.Barrett's oesophagus is the only known precursor to oesophageal adenocarcinoma, a cancer with very poor prognosis. The main risk factors for Barrett's oesophagus are a history of gastro-oesophageal acid reflux symptoms and obesity. Men, smokers and those with a family history are also at increased risk. Progression from Barrett's oesophagus to cancer occurs via an intermediate stage, known as dysplasia. However, dysplasia and early cancer usually develop without any clinical signs, often in individuals whose symptoms are well controlled by acid suppressant medications; therefore, endoscopic surveillance is recommended to allow for early diagnosis and timely clinical intervention. Individuals with Barrett's oesophagus need to be fully informed about the implications of this diagnosis and the benefits and risks of monitoring strategies. Pharmacological treatments are recommended for control of symptoms, but not for chemoprevention. Dysplasia and stage 1 oesophageal adenocarcinoma have excellent prognoses, since they can be cured with endoscopic or surgical therapies. Endoscopic resection is the most accurate staging technique for early Barrett's-related oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Endoscopic ablation is effective and indicated to eradicate Barrett's oesophagus in patients with dysplasia. Future research should focus on improved accuracy for dysplasia detection via new technologies and providing more robust evidence to support pathways for follow-up and treatment.

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Author(s): Pietro MD, Trudgill NJ, Vasileiou M, Longcroft-Wheaton G, Phillips AW, Gossage J, Kaye PV, Foley KG, Crosby T, Nelson S, Griffiths H, Rahman M, Ritchie G, Crisp A, Deed S, Primrose JN

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Gut

Year: 2024

Volume: 73

Issue: 6

Pages: 897-909

Online publication date: 29/03/2024

Acceptance date: 15/02/2024

Date deposited: 18/04/2024

ISSN (print): 0017-5749

ISSN (electronic): 1468-3288

Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group

URL: https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331557

DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331557

PubMed id: 38553042

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