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SDHC phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma: A UK-wide case series

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Paul Brennan, Dr Anna Mitchell

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Abstract

© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Objective: Phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare, but strongly heritable tumours. Variants in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunits are identified in approximately 25% of cases. However, clinical and genetic information of patients with SDHC variants are underreported. Design: This retrospective case series collated data from 18 UK Genetics and Endocrinology departments. Patients: Both asymptomatic and disease-affected patients with confirmed SDHC germline variants are included. Measurements: Clinical data including tumour type and location, surveillance outcomes and interventions, SDHC genetic variant assessment, interpretation, and tumour risk calculation. Results: We report 91 SDHC cases, 46 probands and 45 non-probands. Fifty-one cases were disease-affected. Median age at genetic diagnosis was 43 years (range: 11–79). Twenty-four SDHC germline variants were identified including six novel variants. Head and neck paraganglioma (HNPGL, n = 30, 65.2%), extra-adrenal paraganglioma (EAPGL, n = 13, 28.2%) and phaeochromocytomas (PCC) (n = 3, 6.5%) were present. One case had multiple PPGLs. Malignant disease was reported in 19.6% (9/46). Eight cases had non-PPGL SDHC-associated tumours, six gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) and two renal cell cancers (RCC). Cumulative tumour risk (95% CI) at age 60 years was 0.94 (CI: 0.79–0.99) in probands, and 0.16 (CI: 0–0.31) in non-probands, respectively. Conclusions: This study describes the largest cohort of 91 SDHC patients worldwide. We confirm disease-affected SDHC variant cases develop isolated HNPGL disease in nearly 2/3 of patients, EAPGL and PCC in 1/3, with an increased risk of GIST and RCC. One fifth developed malignant disease, requiring comprehensive lifelong tumour screening and surveillance.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Williams ST, Chatzikyriakou P, Carroll PV, McGowan BM, Velusamy A, White G, Obholzer R, Akker S, Tufton N, Casey RT, Maher ER, Park S-M, Porteous M, Dyer R, Tan T, Wernig F, Brady AF, Kosicka-Slawinska M, Whitelaw BC, Dorkins H, Lalloo F, Brennan P, Carlow J, Martin R, Mitchell AL, Harrison R, Hawkes L, Newell-Price J, Kelsall A, Igbokwe R, Adlard J, Schirwani S, Davidson R, Morrison PJ, Chung T-T, Bowles C, Izatt L

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Clinical Endocrinology

Year: 2022

Volume: 96

Issue: 4

Pages: 499-512

Print publication date: 01/04/2022

Online publication date: 24/09/2021

Acceptance date: 15/08/2021

ISSN (print): 0300-0664

ISSN (electronic): 1365-2265

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc

URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.14594

DOI: 10.1111/cen.14594

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