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Long-term Outcomes on de novo Ocular Hypertensive Response to Topical Corticosteroids After Corneal Transplantation

Lookup NU author(s): Hamed Anwar, Professor Francisco FigueiredoORCiD

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Abstract

PURPOSE: To determine incidence, demographics, management, and outcomes of topical steroid-induced ocular hypertension after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) and to establish effects on intraocular pressure (IOP) and graft rejection when alternate corticosteroids are used. METHODS: A single-center, retrospective review of 568 consecutive PKPs performed between 1997 and 2010 was conducted. Data were collected on demographics, best-corrected visual acuity, surgical indications, lens status, IOP, postoperative management, and incidence of rejection. RESULTS: Eighty eyes (14.1%) of 74 patients were included. The most common indication was keratoconus (28.8%). Twenty-seven eyes (33.8%) were phakic, 46 (57.4%) had a posterior chamber intraocular lens, and 7 (8.8%) had an anterior chamber intraocular lens. Mean postoperative IOP increase was only significant in the anterior chamber intraocular lens group (18.7 mm Hg, SD 10.4; P = 0.02). The average time for developing hypertension was 9.8 months (SD 14.8) postoperatively, with an average IOP increase of 13.3 mm Hg (SD 5.9). Prednisolone acetate 1% was switched to rimexolone 1% in 64 eyes (80%) and to fluorometholone 0.1% in 16 eyes (20%), which alone achieved IOP normalization in 26 eyes (32.5%) (P < 0.01). Fifty-four eyes (67.5%) required additional antiglaucoma medication. An average IOP reduction of 12.3 mm Hg (SD 6.9) was achieved at an average of 2.3 months (SD 5.2) after the switch. Seventeen eyes (21%) developed glaucoma and 13 eyes (16.3%) developed graft rejection after switching formulations, with no statistically significant differences between rimexolone and fluorometholone (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of alternate topical corticosteroids may be considered in cases of steroid-induced ocular hypertension after PKP because they offer good antiinflammatory prophylaxis with reduced hypertensive response.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Raj A, Salvador-Culla B, Anwar H, Sykakis E, Figueiredo MS, Figueiredo FC

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Cornea

Year: 2020

Volume: 39

Issue: 1

Pages: 45-51

Print publication date: 01/01/2020

Acceptance date: 02/04/2018

ISSN (print): 0277-3740

ISSN (electronic): 1536-4798

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

URL: https://doi.org/10.1097/ICO.0000000000002142

DOI: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002142

PubMed id: 31517723

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