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Dynamical Equilibration Across a Quenched Phase Transition in a Trapped Quantum Gas

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Gary LiuORCiD, Professor Nikolaos ProukakisORCiD

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

Abstract

The formation of an equilibrium state from an uncorrelated thermal one through the dynamical crossing of a phase transition is a central question of quantum many-body physics. During such crossing, the system breaks its symmetry by establishing numerous uncorrelated regions separated by spontaneously generated defects, whose emergence obeys a universal scaling law with quench duration. The ensuing re-equilibrating or “coarse-graining” stage is governed by the evolution and interactions of such defects under system-specific and external constraints. We perform a detailed numerical characterisation of the entire non-equilibrium process associated with the Bose–Einstein condensation phase transition in a three-dimensional gas of ultracold atoms, addressing subtle issues and demonstrating the quench-induced decoupling of condensate atom number and coherence growth during the re-equilibration process. Our findings agree, in a statistical sense, with experimental observations made at the later stages of the quench, and provide valuable information and useful dynamical visualisations in currently experimentally inaccessible regimes.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Liu IK, Donadello S, Lamporesi G, Ferrari G, Gou SC, Dalfovo F, Proukakis NP

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Communications Physics

Year: 2018

Volume: 1

Online publication date: 11/06/2018

Acceptance date: 12/04/2018

Date deposited: 28/06/2018

ISSN (electronic): 2399-3650

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group

URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-018-0023-6

DOI: 10.1038/s42005-018-0023-6

Data Access Statement: https://doi.org/10.17634/122626-7

Notes: https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.08074

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