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Body composition indices of a load-capacity model: gender- and BMI-specific reference curves

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Mario Siervo, Dr Carla Prado

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Abstract

Objective: Fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) are frequently measured to define body composition phenotypes. The load-capacity model integrates the effects of both FM and FFM to improve disease-risk prediction. We aimed to derive age-, gender- and BMI-specific reference curves of load-capacity model indices in an adult population (>18 years).Design: Cross-sectional study. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure FM, FFM, appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and truncal fat mass (TrFM). Two metabolic load-capacity indices were calculated: ratio of FM (kg) to FFM (kg) and ratio of TrFM (kg) to ASM (kg). Age-standardised reference curves, stratified by gender and BMI (<25.0 kg/m(2), 25.0-29.9 kg/m(2), >= 30.0 kg/m(2)), were constructed using an LMS approach. Percentiles of the reference curves were 5th, 15th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 85th and 95th.Setting: Secondary analysis of data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).Subjects: The population included 6580 females and 6656 males.Results: The unweighted proportions of obesity in males and females were 25.5% and 34.7 %, respectively. The average values of both FM: FFM and TrFM: ASM were greater in female and obese subjects. Gender and BMI influenced the shape of the association of age with FM: FFM and TrFM: ASM, as a curvilinear relationship was observed in female and obese subjects. Menopause appeared to modify the steepness of the reference curves of both indices.Conclusions: This is a novel risk-stratification approach integrating the effects of high adiposity and low muscle mass which may be particularly useful to identify cases of sarcopenic obesity and improve disease-risk prediction.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Siervo M, Prado CM, Mire E, Broyles S, Wells JCK, Heymsfield S, Katzmarzyk PT

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Public Health Nutrition

Year: 2015

Volume: 18

Issue: 7

Pages: 1245-1254

Print publication date: 01/05/2015

Online publication date: 15/09/2014

Acceptance date: 05/08/2014

ISSN (print): 1368-9800

ISSN (electronic): 1475-2727

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980014001918

DOI: 10.1017/S1368980014001918

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